Department of Sociology

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https://hdl.handle.net/10315/37652

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Open Access
Alienation Redux: Marxian Perspectives
(Alienation Redux: Marxian Perspectives | SpringerLink, 2021-05) Musto, Marcello
Alienation was one of the most important and widely debated themes of the twentieth century and Marx’s reflections on this concept defined significant moments in its dissemination. Most of the authors who initially wrote on alienation considered it a universal aspect of human existence. Additionally, after World War II the popularity of the concept created a profound terminological ambiguity. The diffusion of Marx’s oeuvre paved the way for a conception of alienation geared to the overcoming of this phenomenon in practice—to the political action of social movements, parties and trade unions to change the working and living conditions of the working class. Marx’s writings on alienation provided not only a coherent theoretical basis for new studies of this concept, but above all an anti-capitalist ideological platform for the labour movement. Alienation left the books of philosophers took to the streets and became a critique of bourgeois society.
Open Access
Communism
(Cambridge University Press & Assessment, 2020-06) Musto, Marcello
In the wake of the French Revolution, numerous theories began to circulate in Europe that sought both to respond to demands for social justice unanswered by the French Revolution and to correct the dramatic economic imbalances brought about by the spread of the Industrial Revolution. The democratic gains following the capture of the Bastille delivered a decisive blow to the aristocracy, but they left almost unchanged the inequality of wealth between the popular and the dominant classes. The decline of the monarchy and the establishment of the republic were not sufficient to reduce poverty in France.
Open Access
A comparison of factors determining the transition to postsecondary education in Toronto and Chicago
(Sage Publishing, 2019-07-24) Anisef, Paul; Robson, Karen; Brown, Robert S.; Nagaoka, Jenny
We examine how race, sex and poverty contribute to the likelihood of attending two- and four-year colleges in Chicago and Toronto. In each city, we use longitudinal data on high school students and their postsecondary trajectories in order to explore how race and sex may impact differentially upon their educational pathways. Our analyses are informed by an intersectionality perspective, wherein we understand that life chances are shaped by the various traits and identities that individuals possess. In Toronto, Black males are less likely than all other groups to attend four-year colleges. We also find that two-year colleges appear to fulfill a different role in Toronto than they do in Chicago; that is, serving populations who may have been tracked into non-academic course selections in high school. We contextualize our findings within the very different political, cultural, and historical contexts of Ontario and Illinois.
Open Access
Difusão e recepção dos Grundrisse no mundo
(Crítica Marxista, 2009) Musto, Marcello
Open Access
Dissemination and Reception of The Communist Manifesto in Italy: From the Origins to 1945
(Taylor & Francis Group, 2009-05) Musto, Marcello
Contrary to the predictions that after 1989 Karl Marx would fall into oblivion, Marx has returned to the attention of international scholars. One hundred and sixty years after it was written, the Manifesto of the Communist Party is celebrated as the text which contains the most formidable prediction of capitalist development on a world scale. This article considers how the writings of Marx and Engels were translated and assimilated in Italy, from its first appearance in 1889 to 1945 and, more generally, explores the misinterpretations of the fortune of Marx's works in Italy. From a close examination of the press of the newly established workers' movement and the first socialist writings, the reality of a counterfeited and theoretically impoverished 'Marxism' emerges. Antonio Labriola's Essays on the Materialist Conception of History, which were published between 1895 and 1897, were the only works in Italy that offered a rigorous interpretation capable of measuring up to the European levels of Marxism. Through the historiographical reconstruction of translated works and the development of the interpretations of Marx and Engels' The Communist Manifesto, this article considers the debate on the 'crisis of Marxism' of the late 19th century in which Benedetto Croce was the most important figure, the limitations of the diffusion of Marx's theories in the Italian Socialist Party, the struggle between reformist and the union-revolutionary revisionism of the early 20th century and the repression of 20 years of fascism.
Open Access
Dissemination and reception of the Grundrisse in the world: Introduction
(Routledge, 2008) Musto, Marcello
Having abandoned the Grundrisse in May 1858 to make room for work on A Contribution to the Critique of Political Economy, Marx used parts of it in composing this latter text but then almost never drew on it again. In fact, although it was his habit to invoke his own previous studies, even to transcribe whole passages from them, none of the preparatory manuscripts for Capital, with the exception of those of 1861-3, contains any reference to the Grundrisse. It lay among all the other drafts that he had no intention of bringing into service as he became absorbed in solving more specific problems than they had addressed.
Open Access
A Europa em tempo de crise
(Crítica Marxista, São Paulo, Ed. Unesp, 2016) Musto, Marcello
Resumo O artigo analisa a política dos governos neoliberais nos diferentes países da União Europeia, o crescimento dos partidos de direita nesses países e as iniciativas e dificuldades dos partidos da esquerda radical para apresentar uma alternativa anticapitalista que obtenha apoio dos trabalhadores europeus. Aborda as discussões sobre estratégia entre as forças de esquerda.
Open Access
A formação da crítica de Marx à economia política : Dos estudos de 1843 ao Grundrisse
(Crítica Marxista, São Paulo, Ed. Unesp, 2011) Musto, Marcello
Open Access
The Formation of Marx's Critique of Political Economy: From the Studies of 1843 to the Grundrisse
(Taylor & Francis, 2010-07) Musto, Marcello
Open Access
History, production and method in the 1857 ‘Introduction’
(Taylor & Francis Group, 2008) Musto, Marcello
In 1857 Marx was convinced that the financial crisis developing at international level had created the conditions for a new revolutionary period throughout Europe. He had been waiting for this moment ever since the popular insurrections of 1848, and now that it finally seemed to have come he did not want events to catch him unprepared. He therefore decided to resume his economic studies and to give them a finished form.
Open Access
Introduction
(Taylor & Francis Group, 2019) Musto, Marcello
Few men have shaken the world as Karl Marx did. His death, almost unnoticed in the mainstream press, was followed by echoes of fame in such a short period of time that few comparisons can be found in history. His name was soon on the lips of the workers in Detroit and Chicago, as on those of the ﬁrst Indian socialists in Calcutta. His banner image formed the backdrop at the ﬁrst Bolshevik congress in Moscow after the revolution. His thought inspired the programmes and statutes of all the political and union organizations of the workers’ movement, from continental Europe to Shanghai. His ideas changed philosophy, history and economics – irreversibly.
Open Access
Introduction: The Unfinished Critique of Capital
(Taylor & Francis Group, 2019) Musto, Marcello
Karl Marx started to write Capital after he had begun his rigorous studies of political economy. A momentary alleviation of the huge economic problems that had beset him for years allowed Marx to spend more time on his studies and to make significant theoretical advances. Marx also paid special attention to various economists opposed to Ricardian theory, such as the socialist Thomas Hodgskin. Marx also informed Friedrich Engels that, feeling ‘more or less able to work again’, he was determined to ‘cast the weight off his shoulders’ and therefore intended to ‘make a fair copy of the political economy for the printers. In August, Marx wrote to Ludwig Kugelmann that ‘accumulated debts’ had become ‘a crushing mental burden’ and that he had even been thinking of moving to the United States. Marx had to spend much more time on the translation than he had planned for the proof correction.
Open Access
Karl Marx : o charme indiscreto da incompletude
(Outubro Revista, 2010-01) Musto, Marcello
Com a retomada, em 1998, das publicações da Marx-Engels-Gesamtausgabe (MEGA 2), o pensamento de Karl Marx pode ser recuperado, de maneira não instrumental, por pesquisadores do mundo todo. Ao longo das publicações anteriores, sua obra foi marcada por uma profunda e reiterada incompreensão, consequência das tentativas de sistematização mecânica de sua teoria crítica, pelo empobrecimento que acompanhou sua popularização, pela manipulação e censura de seus escritos e pelo uso instrumental dos mesmos para fins políticos. Agora, a incompletude dessa obra pode se destacar e, desobstruída pelas interpretações que anteriormente a deformaram, tornar-se, até mesmo, sua negação.
Open Access
Marx and the Politics of Emancipation
(Economic & Political Weekly, 2019-06) Musto, Marcello
In the first part of the 1860s, Karl Marx’s journalistic and scholarly interest in diplomacy and international politics drove him to focus his attention towards two prominent historical events. The first was the outbreak of the American Civil War, when seven slaveholding states declared their secession from the United States. The second was the uprising of the Polish people against Russian occupation. Marx’s analysis of these historic episodes also influenced his political efforts through the International Working Men’s Association. How Marx’s studies of both these events were relevant for his theoretical development and his political engagement is examined.
Open Access
Marx’s Critique of German Social Democracy: From the International to the Political Struggles of the 1870s
(https://www.palgrave.com/gp, 2019) Musto, Marcello
The workers’ organizations that founded the International Working Men’s Association in 1864 were something of a motley. The central driving forces were British trade unionism and the mutualists, long dominant in France but strong also in Belgium and French-speaking Switzerland. Alongside these two components, there were the communists, grouped around the figure of Karl Marx, elements that had nothing to do with the socialist tradition, such as the followers of Giuseppe Mazzini, and some groups of French, Belgian and Swiss workers who joined the International with a variety of confused theories, some of a utopian inspiration. The General Association of German Workers—the party led by followers of Ferdinand Lassalle—never affiliated to the International but orbited around it. This organization was hostile to trade unionism and conceived of political action in rigidly national terms.
Open Access
New Profiles of Marx after the Marx-Engels-Gesamtausgabe (MEGA2)
(SAGE Journals, 2020-08) Musto, Marcello
Open Access
Notes on the History of the International
(Taylor & Francis, 2014-08) Musto, Marcello
Open Access
Penser une démarche épistémologique afroémancipatrice en recherche qualitative par, pour et avec les communautés noires
(Recherches qualitatives, 2022-05-13) Jean-Pierre, Johanne; Collins, Tya
Résumé Reconnaissant la longue histoire des revendications de plusieurs générations d’Afro-Canadiens et Afro-Canadiennes et l’urgence d’aborder le racisme anti-Noir, nous proposons trois axes d’actions d’une démarche épistémologique émancipatrice pour informer la conception et la réalisation d’études qualitatives. Nous nous appuyons sur le corpus de chercheurs et chercheuses critiques pour suggérer qu’il est important : 1) de mobiliser le corpus d’intellectuelles et intellectuels noirs et des théories sociocritiques lors de la conception d’un projet de recherche; 2) de pratiquer la réflexivité de la conception d’un projet de recherche jusqu’à la dissémination des résultats; 3) de reconnaître la pertinence d’intégrer la pluralité des savoirs des communautés noires. Nous présentons ces trois axes d’actions tout en sachant que cette liste n’est pas exhaustive. Plutôt, en s’ancrant dans les principes décoloniaux, afrocentriques, antiracistes, féministes et intersectionnels, cette démarche épistémologique consolide la recherche à visées émancipatrices et transformatrices par, pour et avec les populations afrodescendantes. Abstract Recognizing the long history of claims by several generations of African-Canadians and the urgency of dealing with anti-Black racism, we are proposing three focuses of action for an emancipating epistemological process that will inform the design and execution of qualitative studies. We based ourselves on the corpus of critical researchers to suggest the importance of: 1) mobilizing the corpus of Black intellectuals and socio-critical theories when designing a research project; 2) practicing reflexivity in the design of a research project right up to distribution of the results; 3) recognizing that it is appropriate to integrate the plurality of project knowledges belonging to Black communities. We present these three focuses of action in full awareness that they do not constitute an exhaustive list. Rather, by anchoring this epistemological process in principles of decolonization, Afro-centricity, antiracism, feminism and intersectionality, we will consolidate the research and its emancipatory and transformative goals by, for and with Afrodescendant populations.
Open Access
The Post-1989 Radical Left in Europe: Results and Prospects
(Taylor & Francis, 2017-06) Musto, Marcello
Open Access
The Rediscovery of Karl Marx
(Cambridge University Press & Assessment, 2007-11) Musto, Marcello
Few men have shaken the world like Karl Marx. His death, almost unnoticed, was followed by echoes of fame in such a short period of time that few comparisons could be found in history. His name was soon on the lips of the workers of Detroit and Chicago, as on those of the first Indian socialists in Calcutta. His image formed the background of the congress of the Bolsheviks in Moscow after the revolution. His thought inspired the programmes and statutes of all the political and union organizations of the workers' movement, from Europe to Shanghai.